دانشگاه بین المللی چابهار آمایش و توسعه نواحی ساحلی و مرزی 3116-0549 2 1 2026 04 21 Identification of Spatial planning Security Strategies for arid regions: A case study of Razavi Khorasan and South Khorasan provinces شناسایی راهبردهای امنیتی آمایش سرزمینی برای مناطق خشک مطالعه موردی: استان‌های مرزی خراسان رضوی و خراسان جنوبی 1 15 736279 10.22034/jpd.2024.2027538.1054 FA شهرام چرخان گروه جغرافیای انسانی و برنامه‌ریزی، دانشکده جغرافیا، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران ایوب جعفری گروه جغرافیای انسانی و برنامه‌ریزی، دانشکده جغرافیا، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران میثم جاسمی گروه جغرافیای انسانی و برنامه‌ریزی، دانشکده جغرافیا، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران حجت اله جهانی راد گروه جغرافیا، دانشکدگان فارابی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران Journal Article 2026 02 11 A B S T R A C T Organizing the structure of relations between man and space can reduce the difference between regions, along with sustainable economic development and improvement of social indicators. The purpose of this research is to strategically evaluate the development capabilities of arid regions (Razavi Khorasan, South Khorasan and Semnan provinces) in order to develop these areas. This research, with a descriptive-analytical method, lists the influential factors in the development of the studied areas and By using the SWOT model and the IEA method, the strategic evaluation of the development in the studied areas was done. The results of the SWOT model of Razavi Khorasan province showed that the strong points of this province include its geographical location, especially the gateway of exchanges between Iran and Central Asia and the presence of the holy shrine of Imam Reza (a.s.). The offensive strategy was determined as the best strategy in this province. The results of the SWOT model for South Khorasan province showed that the position of this province in road transportation and the level of security are the strengths of its development. In contrast to factors such as unfavorable climatic conditions, especially the continuation of drought, it is the most important weakness of this province. Extended Abstract Introduction In Iran, the gaps caused by environmental constraints in social and economic sectors are more pronounced in arid regions than the positive aspects of life in those areas. In this context, analyses of the inequalities that have emerged in various countries, including Iran, show that as natural conditions—such as lack of rainfall, soil salinity, and the like—become more severe, the extent of limitations and economic, social, and economic tensions has multiplied. Therefore, in this regard, measures and policies need to be thoroughly scientific and based on an understanding of the environment and the social life of the people. Khorasan-Razavi and South Khorasan provinces, whose common point is being located in a arid and desert region. Due to the lack of proper planning or neglect, most of these areas are faced with a crisis both in terms of population and security. Therefore, in this research, an attempt has been made to think of strategies to reduce its threats and weaknesses by recognizing the strengths and opportunities in each of these provinces. Methodology This research is of applied type and its research method is based on descriptive-analytical. In order to collect the information and data needed in the research process, in addition to using library and documentary studies, a survey method has been used. Specialist experts were gathered. Then using the analytical model (SWOT) including strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats and then scoring these provinces for strategic development is extracted. In the following, the analyzes performed are used to prepare the internal and external factors evaluation matrix (EAI). Results and discussion The findings of this research indicate that despite both Razavi Khorasan and South Khorasan provinces being located in an arid and desert region, their development and spatial planning strategies are significantly different. This difference cannot be attributed solely to environmental factors; rather, the decisive role of human, institutional, geopolitical, and historical factors in this distinction is evident. In Razavi Khorasan Province, the results of the Internal Factor Evaluation (IFE) matrix showed that the privileged geographical position as the gateway for Iran's exchanges with Central Asia (final score: 0.321) and the presence of the holy shrine of Imam Reza (AS) (score: 0.283) are the most important strengths. In contrast, the intense concentration of activities and services in the city of Mashhad (0.362) and the high unemployment rate in rural areas (0.287) were identified as the most important weaknesses. On the other hand, regarding external factors, the possession of geo-economic and geopolitical capabilities (0.321) and benefiting from the Astan Quds Razavi institution (0.320) constitute the most important opportunities. The total scores of internal factors (1.90) and external factors (2.44) indicate an above-average situation for the province, which allows for the adoption of an offensive strategy (SO). In causal terms, the more an arid province possesses a concentration of symbolic, religious, and transportation infrastructure capital, the greater its ability to transform environmental limitations into development-enhancing opportunities. In South Khorasan Province, the situation is completely different. The most important strengths include its position on the north-south corridor (0.291) and enjoying an adequate level of security (0.198). However, in contrast, unfavorable climatic conditions and the continuation of drought (0.144) and the outflow of runoff to desert areas (0.134) have emerged as the major weaknesses. In terms of opportunities, the possibility of utilizing clean solar and wind energy (0.268) and the exploitation of the Special Economic Zone of the East of the country (0.192) are of greatest importance. Nevertheless, the total scores of internal factors (2.366) and external factors (2.191) indicate a situation in which threats and weaknesses relatively outweigh opportunities and strengths. This has led to the defensive strategy (WT) being determined as the only logical option. In causal terms, in areas where severe environmental constraints (such as chronic drought) are combined with structural weaknesses (lack of a proper system for exploiting natural resources, unbalanced decentralization), the possibility of adopting offensive or diversification strategies disappears, and one must inevitably focus on vulnerability reduction and crisis management. Conclusion The main conclusions of this research are as follows: Due to its considerable internal strengths and privileged external opportunities, Razavi Khorasan Province has the capability to implement an offensive strategy (SO). This means that the province, by relying on its geopolitical position, religious and institutional capacities, and transportation infrastructure, can marginalize environmental constraints and transform itself into a regional development hub. However, for this strategy to succeed, the detrimental centralization in the city of Mashhad must be curbed, and balanced development across the province's counties must be taken into consideration. Due to the relative predominance of weaknesses and threats over strengths and opportunities, South Khorasan Province is compelled to adopt a defensive strategy (WT). In this path, the primary priorities are managing environmental crises (especially drought and runoff outflow), preserving the rural population through the creation of sustainable employment, and establishing a sustainable system for the exploitation of natural resources. Only after stabilizing the current situation and reducing vulnerabilities can there be a gradual move toward taking advantage of opportunities such as renewable energies and the special economic zone. A regional management system based on spatial planning is an urgent and fundamental necessity in both provinces. The absence of such a system remains a serious threat not only in South Khorasan but also in Razavi Khorasan, despite all its advantages. Funding There is no funding support. Authors’ Contribution All of the authors approved thecontent of the manuscript and agreed on all aspects of the work. Conflict of Interest Authors declared no conflict of interest. Acknowledgments We are grateful to all the scientific consultants of this paper. سازمان‌دهی ساختار روابط میان انسان و فضا می‌تواند در کنار توسعه پایدار اقتصادی و بهبود شاخص‌های اجتماعی، تفاوت میان مناطق را کاهش دهد. هدف این پژوهش ارزیابی استراتژیک قابلیت‌های توسعه مناطق خشک (استان‌های خراسان رضوی، خراسان جنوبی و سمنان) به منظور توسعه این مناطق است. این پژوهش، با روش توصیفی ـ تحلیلی، فهرست کردن عوامل تأثیرگذار در توسعه مناطق موردمطالعه و با بهره‌گیری از مدل SWOT و روش IEA به ارزیابی استراتژیک توسعه در مناطق موردمطالعه پرداخته شد. نتایج مدل SWOT استان خراسان رضوی نشان داد که نقاط قوت این استان شامل موقعیت جغرافیایی آن به خصوص دروازه مبادلات کشور ایران با آسیای مرکزی و وجود مرقد مطهر امام رضا (ع) است. راهبرد تهاجمی به عنوان بهترین راهبرد در این استان تعیین گردید. نتایج مدل SWOT برای استان خراسان جنوبی نشان داد موقعیت این استان در حمل‌ونقل جاده‌ای و سطح امنیت به عنوان نقاط قوت توسعه آن مطرح است. در مقابل عواملی همچون شرایط اقلیمی نامناسب به خصوص تداوم خشک‌سالی به عنوان مهم‌ترین ضعف این استان می‌باشد. در این استان، بهترین راهبرد از نوع تدافعی است.

https://mag.iuc.ac.ir/article_736279_bb052d39dee09060aee76683150ade79.pdf

دانشگاه بین المللی چابهار آمایش و توسعه نواحی ساحلی و مرزی 3116-0549 2 1 2026 04 21 Analysis of Factors Affecting the Utilization of Maritime Capacities in Achieving the Position of Regional Hubs تحلیل عوامل مؤثر بر بهره‌گیری از ظرفیت‌های دریایی در دستیابی به موقعیت قطب‌های منطقه 17 37 735494 10.22034/jpd.2025.2055743.1065 FA آرمینا میرزاده گروه آموزشی مدیریت بازرگانی، دانشگاه بین‌المللی چابهار، چابهار، ایران 0009-0002-8839-0789 مهسا درویش زاده کاخکی گروه مدیریت، دانشکده مدیریت، دانشگاه بین‌المللی امام رضا، مشهد، ایران وحید ارشدی گروه پژوهشی اقتصاد اسلامی، پژوهشکده مطالعات اسلامی در علوم انسانی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران Journal Article 2026 02 11 A B S T R A C T The research examines the factors affecting the utilization of maritime capacities with the aim of achieving the status of a regional hub. The importance of seaports as the beating heart of global trade and economic development of various regions has been emphasized. The issue of optimal utilization of maritime capacities has been identified as the main obstacles. The main objective of this study is to provide comprehensive solutions for the optimal utilization of maritime capacities and to improve the performance of ports at the regional and global levels. This study, with a comprehensive look at the seven basic factors and beyond theoretical description, provides practical solutions. This study uses a mixed approach (qualitative and quantitative) to analyze the factors affecting the utilization of maritime capacities. In the qualitative part, content analysis and semi-structured interviews with maritime experts were used to collect data, and in the quantitative part, structural equation modeling using SmartPLS software was used to analyze data. Quantitative data were collected through questionnaires based on the Likert spectrum. Seven main factors affecting the utilization of maritime capacities were identified: geographical and regional location, government policies and actions, local and international trade and markets, technology and infrastructure, economic factors and costs, climate and weather factors, energy and renewable resources. The findings of this research can help policymakers and port managers formulate development strategies. Accurate recognition and analysis of these factors greatly contribute to strategic planning and optimal management of marine resources. Extended Abstract Introduction Today, seaports are the beating heart of global trade and economic development in different regions. Accordingly, different countries have adopted various policies and legal frameworks to effectively exploit this huge potential. Accurate recognition and analysis of these factors contribute significantly to strategic planning and optimal management of marine resources. This study aims to provide comprehensive solutions for the optimal exploitation of maritime capacities and improving the performance of ports at the regional and global levels, and seeks to provide a comprehensive and practical solution to improve the situation of seaports. The issue of optimal exploitation of maritime capacities and improving the performance of seaports is one of the major challenges in developing countries. Methodology This study aims to analyze the factors affecting the utilization of maritime capacities in achieving the position of regional hubs. In this research, a mixed method (quantitative-qualitative) has been used to collect and analyze data. In the qualitative analysis section, the common method of content analysis has been used, which has determined the factors affecting the utilization of maritime capacities in achieving the position of regional hubs through face-to-face and semi-structured interviews with experts in this field. This method is the boundary between the two objective and subjective poles, which helps to examine the realities more comprehensively and also to evaluate the adaptation of programs to their content features and structures. In the quantitative analysis section, the structural equation modeling method based on partial least squares has been used with the help of Smart PLS software. The data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire that evaluated the factors affecting the utilization of maritime capacities in achieving the position of regional poles based on a 5-point Likert scale. Results and discussion During the data collection process, experts identified and presented several indicators as factors affecting the utilization of maritime capacities in achieving the position of regional poles. After reviewing the literature on the subject, it was found that these indicators, although limited and specific, often have a common origin. This commonality, even in different societies, is due to the close relationship of the society with the surrounding environment and similar methods of utilizing maritime capacities in order to achieve the position of regional poles. The presented classification groups the documented indicators of factors affecting the utilization of maritime capacities into seven main categories, which are: geographical and regional location, government policies and actions, local and international trade and markets, technology and infrastructure, economic factors and costs, climate and weather conditions, energy and renewable resources. Conclusion This study seeks to identify key factors that can help ports make the most of their maritime capabilities and become important regional hubs. The findings show that the geographical location of ports, especially proximity to international trade routes and access to deep waters, is one of the most important factors in attracting investment and economic development. Ports located in strategic areas can become important trade centers and play a key role in regional economic growth. On the other hand, government policies and actions also play a very important role in this process. Government financial support, reducing administrative bureaucracy, and developing transparent and efficient laws can pave the way for sustainable growth of ports. In addition, environmental protection laws and sustainable management of marine resources not only help preserve the environment, but also attract the trust of investors and international partners. Along with these factors, advanced technology and infrastructure are also key elements that can significantly increase the efficiency of ports. The use of smart systems, logistics innovations and digital technologies can reduce operational time and costs and improve port services. These developments will not only help ports to stay ahead of global competition, but can also serve as a model for other ports in the region. Funding There is no funding support. Authors’ Contribution Authors contributed equally to the conceptualization and writing of the article. All of the authors approved thecontent of the manuscript and agreed on all aspects of the work declaration of competing interest none. Conflict of Interest Authors declared no conflict of interest. Acknowledgments We are grateful to all the scientific consultants of this paper. پژوهش به بررسی عوامل مؤثر بر بهره‌گیری از ظرفیت‌های دریایی با هدف دستیابی به جایگاه قطب منطقه‌ای می‌پردازد. اهمیت بنادر دریایی به عنوان قلب تپنده تجارت جهانی و توسعه اقتصادی مناطق مختلف مورد تأکید قرارگرفته است. مسئله بهره‌برداری بهینه از ظرفیت‌های دریایی به عنوان موانع اصلی شناسایی‌شده‌اند. هدف اصلی این مطالعه، ارائه راهکارهای جامع برای بهره‌برداری بهینه از ظرفیت‌های دریایی و ارتقای عملکرد بنادر در سطح منطقه‌ای و جهانی است. این مطالعه با نگاهی جامع به بررسی هفت عامل اساسی و فراتر از توصیف نظری به ارائه راهکارهای عملی می‌پردازد. این مطالعه از یک رویکرد ترکیبی (کیفی و کمی) برای تحلیل عوامل مؤثر بر بهره‌گیری از ظرفیت‌های دریایی استفاده می‌کند. در بخش کیفی، از روش تحلیل محتوا و مصاحبه‌های نیمه ساختاریافته با خبرگان حوزه دریایی برای جمع‌آوری داده‌ها استفاده‌شده و در بخش کمی، از روش مدل‌سازی معادلات ساختاری با استفاده از نرم‌افزار SmartPLS برای تحلیل داده‌ها استفاده‌شده است. داده‌های کمی از طریق پرسشنامه‌های مبتنی بر طیف لیکرت جمع‌آوری‌شده‌اند. هفت عامل اصلی مؤثر بر بهره‌گیری از ظرفیت‌های دریایی شناسایی شدند: موقعیت جغرافیایی و منطقه‌ای، سیاست‌ها و اقدامات حکومتی، تجارت و بازارهای محلی و بین‌المللی، فناوری و زیرساخت‌ها، عوامل اقتصادی و هزینه‌ها، عوامل اقلیمی و آب و هوایی، انرژی و منابع تجدیدپذیر. یافته‌های این پژوهش می‌تواند به سیاست‌گذاران و مدیران بنادر در تدوین استراتژی‌های توسعه‌ای کمک کند. شناخت دقیق و تحلیل این عوامل به برنامه‌ریزی استراتژیک و مدیریت بهینه منابع دریایی کمک شایانی می‌کند.

https://mag.iuc.ac.ir/article_735494_99c1213c59fdbb6f51ac4a194d98b15b.pdf

دانشگاه بین المللی چابهار آمایش و توسعه نواحی ساحلی و مرزی 3116-0549 2 1 2026 06 01 Spatial Planning of Southern Iranian Cities and Its Role in the Optimal Management of Climate Migration: A case study of Region 8 Zoning برنامه‌ریزی فضایی شهرهای جنوبی ایران و نقش آن در مدیریت بهینه مهاجرت‌های اقلیمی مطالعه موردی: منطقه 8 آمایشی 39 58 735495 10.22034/jpd.2025.2042602.1061 FA سید علی بدری گروه جغرافیای انسانی و برنامه‌ریزی، دانشکده جغرافیا، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران مصطفی آریان کیا گروه جغرافیای انسانی و برنامه‌ریزی، دانشکده جغرافیا، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران راضیه کریمی آغچه گروه جغرافیا و گردشگری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و علوم زمین، دانشگاه کاشان، کاشان، ایران Journal Article 2026 02 12 A B S T R A C T The present study examines the role of spatial planning in the optimal management of climate migration in the southern cities of Iran (Region 8 Zoning) and introduces spatial planning strategies to better manage climate migrations. This research is applied in nature (strategic developmental), descriptive-analytical in method, and follows an inductive research approach. The data collection method is based on documentary-survey studies, utilizing the Delphi technique, and the key drivers of the research have been identified through the cross-impact analysis method. The statistical population of the study consists of 47 specialists and experts in the field of regional development and spatial planning, selected using the snowball sampling method. To analyze the data and conduct the structural analysis of the impact of each of the indicators influencing the spatial planning of southern Iranian cities, the MICMAC software was utilized. The results of the study indicate that among the 41 factors examined, 10 key drivers play a significant role in the spatial planning of southern Iranian cities. These include population distribution, economic impacts, governmental planning, national policy, climate migration, natural and sustainable resources, energy efficiency, water resources, social security, and air pollution. The findings also reveal that climate migration, primarily driven by climate change, water resource shortages, and social and economic conditions, requires comprehensive and coordinated management and planning. Key drivers such as population distribution, economic impacts, governmental policies, and energy efficiency play a crucial role in shaping a sustainable spatial structure capable of addressing regional challenges. Extended Abstract Introduction In the twenty-first century, climate change has emerged as one of the primary threats to humanity. Recent research indicates that climate variability and change significantly affect forced migration, both within and across borders. Climate change leads to the displacement of large populations from rural areas to urban centers, and when life in urban areas becomes unbearable, many individuals continue their migration to other locations. Consequently, environmental migration, particularly migration due to severe droughts caused by climate change, has recently emerged as one of the most pressing issues in global political agendas. In Iran, this issue holds particular significance in the southern regions of the country, which face specific climate-related challenges such as water scarcity, extreme heat, and severe drought. The southern areas of Iran are grappling with extensive climatic challenges that have profound effects on the lives of people in these regions, leading to an increased rate of climate migration from the central and southern areas to the northern latitudes of the country. The aim of the present study is to examine the role of spatial planning in the optimal management of climate migration in southern Iranian cities and to propose models for improving the environmental and social conditions in these regions. The main research question is: How can regional spatial planning in southern Iranian cities be optimally designed to play an effective role in the efficient management of climate migration of residents from the southern and central zones of the country? Methodology This study is applied in nature and, in terms of its method and approach, falls under descriptive-analytical research, with an inductive approach. It aligns with the foundations of futures studies, using an exploratory and analytical perspective to identify key drivers influencing regional development within the framework of spatial planning in Region 8 of the country. Quantitative models have been employed to achieve this. The data collection method is based on documentary-survey studies, utilizing the Delphi technique. The statistical population of the study consists of 47 specialists and experts selected using the snowball sampling method. In this context, 12 indicators and 41 items have been utilized. To analyze the data and conduct a structural analysis of the impact of each indicator on the spatial planning for the optimal management of climate migration in the southern cities of the country, the MICMAC software has been employed. Results and discussion The results obtained from the study indicate that among the 41 factors examined, 10 key drivers have been identified as influential in the spatial planning of southern Iranian cities (Region 8 Zoning). These include population distribution, economic impacts, governmental planning, national policy, climate migration, natural and sustainable resources, energy efficiency, water resources, social security, and air pollution. These factors were consistently identified through both direct and indirect methods. They should be integrated into the spatial planning of southern Iranian cities by relevant organizations to ensure the protection of the existing conditions and to implement effective spatial planning principles for both current and future needs. In analyzing the results of this study, it can be concluded that: In the southern regions, spatial planning should be designed to prevent excessive population concentration in a single area and provide a balanced distribution of services and infrastructure. This approach can alleviate the pressures of climate migration and maintain environmental balance. Spatial planning in the southern regions must take into account the economic impacts arising from climate migration. Changes in local income sources and the establishment of economic activities can contribute to labor market balance and economic sustainability. Government policies play a crucial role in managing climate migration and spatial planning. Developing comprehensive plans and local regulations for affected areas can help prevent demographic and environmental crises. National macro-policies, such as the development of transportation and energy infrastructure, play a significant role in the distribution and sustainability of the population in southern regions. These policies must be aligned with climate change and aim to prevent unwanted migration. Sustainable exploitation of natural resources, such as solar and wind energy, is particularly important in the southern areas. These resources can play a crucial role in enhancing environmental and economic sustainability in the region. Water scarcity in southern Iran is one of the primary drivers of climate migration. Spatial planning must consider water management strategies, including water recycling and the use of innovative technologies, to ensure the sustainable provision of these resources. Maintaining social security in the face of population displacements caused by climate change is essential. Spatial planning should incorporate necessary security measures to prevent social crises and mitigate dissatisfaction among affected communities. Conclusion The conclusion of this study, based on the analysis of 41 factors and the identification of 10 key drivers influencing the spatial planning of southern Iranian cities (Region 8 Zoning), indicates that climate migration, primarily driven by climate change, water scarcity, and social and economic conditions, requires comprehensive and coordinated management and planning. Drivers such as population distribution, economic impacts, governmental policies, and energy efficiency play a vital role in shaping a sustainable spatial structure capable of addressing regional challenges. The findings indicate that economic factors, natural resources, and governmental planning play a decisive role in managing migrations, and it is essential that these factors are considered at various levels of policymaking. Additionally, this research specifically emphasizes that the use of sustainable energy and energy efficiency, along with effective water resource management, can provide effective solutions for reducing climate migration and enhancing the resilience of southern cities. Funding There is no funding support. Authors’ Contribution Authors contributed equally to the conceptualization and writing of the article. All of the authors approved thecontent of the manuscript and agreed on all aspects of the work declaration of competing interest none. Conflict of Interest Authors declared no conflict of interest. Acknowledgments We are grateful to all the scientific consultants of this paper. پژوهش حاضر اقدام به بررسی نقش برنامه‌ریزی فضایی در مدیریت بهینه مهاجرت‌های اقلیمی در شهرهای جنوبی ایران (منطقه 8 آمایشی کشور) و معرفی راهکارهای برنامه‌ریزی فضایی جهت مدیریت بهتر مهاجرت‌های اقلیمی پرداخته است. این پژوهش به لحاظ هدف، کاربردی (از نوع توسعه‌ای راهبردی)، و از نظر روش، توصیفی–تحلیلی و به لحاظ رویکرد پژوهش، استقرایی است. روش گردآوری اطلاعات مبتنی بر روش مطالعات اسنادی-پیمایشی مبتنی بر تکنیک دلفی بوده که با استفاده از روش تحلیل تأثیر متقابل اقدام به شناسایی پیشران‌های پژوهش شده است. جامعه آماری پژوهش شامل 47 متخصص و کارشناس در زمینه توسعه منطقه‌ای و آمایش سرزمین است که بر اساس روش گلوله برفی انتخاب‌شده‌اند. جهت تجزیه و تحلیل داده‌ها و تحلیل ساختاری تأثیرگذاری هر یک از شاخص‌های مؤثر بر برنامه‌ریزی فضایی شهرهای جنوبی ایران از نرم‌افزار میک‌مک استفاده‌شده است. نتایج حاصل از پژوهش نشان می‌دهد که از میان 41 عامل بررسی‌شده، 10 عامل توزیع جمعیت، تأثیرات اقتصادی، برنامه‌ریزی دولتی، سیاست ملی، مهاجرت اقلیمی، منابع طبیعی و پایدار، بهره‌وری انرژی، منابع آب، امنیت اجتماعی و آلودگی هوا به عنوان پیشران‌های کلیدی مؤثر در برنامه‌ریزی فضایی شهرهای جنوبی ایران اثرگذار هستند. همچنین نشان می‌دهد که مهاجرت‌های اقلیمی، که به‌طور عمده ناشی از تغییرات آب و هوایی، کمبود منابع آب، و شرایط اجتماعی و اقتصادی هستند، نیازمند مدیریت و برنامه‌ریزی جامع و هماهنگ است. پیشران‌هایی نظیر توزیع جمعیت، تأثیرات اقتصادی، سیاست‌های دولتی، و بهره‌وری انرژی نقش حیاتی در شکل‌گیری یک ساختار فضایی پایدار دارند که بتواند با چالش‌های منطقه‌ای مقابله کند.

https://mag.iuc.ac.ir/article_735495_70676b592affde6c980defb4b8aed8fb.pdf

دانشگاه بین المللی چابهار آمایش و توسعه نواحی ساحلی و مرزی 3116-0549 2 1 2026 04 21 The Impact of the Tourism Industry on the Economic Development of Coastal Settlements Border: A case study of Ramin and Tis villages in Chabahar county تأثیر صنعت گردشگری بر توسعه اقتصادی سکونتگاه‌های ساحلی مرزی مطالعه موردی : روستاهای رمین و تیس در شهرستان چابهار 59 74 736338 10.22034/jpd.2024.2041199.1060 FA محمد کریم رئیسی گروه جغرافیا، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران عبدالرحمن ایرانژاد گروه جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی آمایش سرزمین، دانشگاه بین‌المللی چابهار، سیستان و بلوچستان، ایران Journal Article 2026 02 12 A B S T R A C T Coastal tourism is a paradoxical and complex phenomenon. It is a valuable industry that balances economic development at the regional level and establishes a fair distribution of income, and also has a fundamental role in creating jobs and additional sources of direct and secondary income, which can be achieved by transferring wealth from wealthy societies and injecting it into the economy of third world countries. It is the most promising development tool for cities and villages that are the target of tourism. Therefore, the main goal of this research is to investigate the impact of the tourism industry on the economic development of coastal settlements in the target villages of Ramin and Tis in Chabahar county. The research method is descriptive-analytical in terms of its practical purpose, in terms of its quantitative nature and its implementation. SPSS and GIS Arc software and methods (random forest model and IGR index) were used for data analysis. The results of the test, according to the average value obtained (more than 3) in economic indicators, show the positive impact of the tourism industry on economic development. Also, the results of the Pearson correlation test showed that there is a positive and significant relationship between the economic indicators and the tourism industry of Chabahar county, at a significance level of less than 0.05. Further, the results of the two-sentence test showed that the attraction of tourists has an effect on infrastructure development, employment growth and income increase in Ramin and Tis villages in the county. Finally, according to the results of the network analysis method, it was found that most of the area is in a completely unsuitable condition, but the coastal areas with emphasis on the villages of Tis and Ramin are in a good condition. Extended Abstract Introduction Today, tourism as a sustainable economic activity has a great impact on the economic development of countries; and causes the socio-economic development of local communities. In recent decades, tourism has been recognized as the world's largest industry, which is considered as a multifaceted issue of important solutions to achieve sustainable development, because its environmental degradation effects are very small and a constant source.. The balance between the benefits of tourism determines the development of tourism activity and is one of the sustainable factors of tourism. Tourism development in a region is always affected by local capacities and capabilities. Therefore, in communities interested in tourism development, in order to achieve sustainability of tourism, measuring environmental capabilities on the one hand and choosing the appropriate type of tourism is of particular importance in land preparation. Land development in relation to tourism should be accompanied by a systemic view of this phenomenon, which is formed in the framework of supply and demand. Methodology The current research is applied in terms of purpose, quantitative in nature and descriptive-analytical in terms of implementation. The statistical population of all the people involved in tourism in Chabahar city, who are in two groups that were selected randomly, includes: all officials and government officials involved in tourism in the cultural heritage and tourism organization, which are 66 people. Activists of the tourism sector such as restaurants, hotels and transportation located around the surveyed villages, which are 100 people. From the first sample, the entire statistical population, which is 66 people. From the second sample, the number of 78 people was determined using Cochran's formula. Of these, 144 usable questionnaires were collected. Sample size To answer the questions of the research models, 20 experts (first group) were selected using targeted sampling. The information obtained from quantitative findings is arranged in two descriptive and analytical (inferential) sections. Descriptive statistics including section, frequency and average were analyzed according to the type of variables. SPSS and Arc GIS software and methods (random forest model and IGR index) were used for data analysis. Results and discussion The findings of the research have been analyzed in two descriptive and inferential parts. The results of the descriptive findings showed that out of 144 respondents, 55 (38.3%) were women and 89 (61.7%) were men. In terms of education, 6 people (4.3 percent) have a bachelor's degree, 21 people (14.8 percent) have a diploma, 35 people (24.1 percent) have a postgraduate education, 66 people (45.7 percent) have a bachelor's degree, and 16 (11.1 percent) had a master's degree or higher. In terms of age, 34 people (23.5 percent) are between 20 and 30 years old, 76 people (52.5 percent) are between 31 and 40 years old, 28 people (19.7 percent) are between 41 and 50 years old, and 6 people (4.3 percent) were 51 years old and older. Also, in terms of work experience, 12 respondents (0.8 percent) had work experience of 1 to 5 years, 54 people (37.7 percent) had work experience of 6 to 10 years. year, 43 people (29.6 percent) had a work experience of 11 to 15 years, 29 people (20.4 percent) had a work experience of 16 to 20 years, and 6 people (4.3 percent) had a work experience of 21 years and above. Conclusion Economists refer to the tourism industry as a productive industry that creates development, capital and employment, and they pay special attention to this industry, so they believe that the proper development of tourism in an economic sense will increase foreign exchange. If the city of Chabahar can use the tourism potentials of the region, especially in the marine and coastal area, they will witness a tremendous prosperity in the region. The impact of this industry can be examined from different aspects and it is important that some of these components are: 1- Income growth 2- Employment in many fields 3- Dynamics of the retail market. 4- Activation of airports and transportation systems (infrastructures) 5- Increasing investment. 6-Increase of local and indigenous and industrial productions, handicrafts and cultural products 7-Increase of private sector investment. Creating employment and obtaining stable and appropriate income as well as infrastructure development is one of the economic effects of this industry. Creating employment, earning income and developing infrastructure prevents the migration of villagers, on the other hand, it is very important in diversifying and enriching the local economy, for local productions, whether handicrafts or agricultural products, for the sustenance of tourists. It creates new markets. In addition, it is also effective in improving the quality of handicraft agricultural products. Tourism can become the basis for regional development and the formation of native and community-oriented tourism by tending to sustainable development at the regional level. Also, estimating the density and capacity in the areas; economic infrastructures in different sectors; economic empowerment; Ability to supply other products needed by tourists; Studying and estimating the facilities and different types of settlements in the areas and population centers of the region are among the things that should be taken into consideration in the preparation of the land based on tourism. Funding There is no funding support. Authors’ Contribution Authors contributed equally to the conceptualization and writing of the article. All of the authors approved thecontent of the manuscript and agreed on all aspects of the work declaration of competing interest none. Conflict of Interest Authors declared no conflict of interest. Acknowledgments We are grateful to all the scientific consultants of this paper. گردشگری ساحلی پدیده‌ای متناقض و پیچیده است. صنعتی ارز آور، متعادل‌کننده توسعه اقتصادی در سطح مناطق و برقرارکننده توزیع عادلانه درآمد و همچنین برخوردار از نقش اساسی در ایجاد مشاغل و منابع تکمیلی مستقیم و ثانوی درآمد است که می‌تواند با انتقال ثروت از جوامع دارا و تزریق آن به اقتصاد کشورهای جهان سوم، امیدبخش‌ترین ابزار توسعه برای شهرها و روستاهای هدف گردشگری باشد. لذا هدف اصلی این پژوهش بررسی تأثیر صنعت گردشگری بر توسعه اقتصادی سکونتگاه‌های ساحلی در روستاهای هدف گردشگری رمین و تیس شهرستان چابهار می‌باشد. روش تحقیق از نظر هدف کاربردی، بر حسب ماهیت کمی و نحوه اجراء آن، توصیفی- تحلیلی می‌باشد. جهت تجزیه و تحلیل اطلاعات از نرم‌افزارهای SPSS و GIS Arc و روش‌های (مدل جنگل تصادفی و شاخص IGR) استفاده شد. نتایج آزمون با توجه به میزان میانگین به‌دست‌آمده (بیشتر از عدد 3) در شاخص‌های اقتصادی، نشان‌دهنده تأثیر مثبت صنعت گردشگری در توسعه اقتصادی می‌باشد. همچنین نتایج آزمون همبستگی پیرسون نشان داد، بین شاخص‌های اقتصادی و صنعت گردشگری شهرستان چابهار، در سطح معناداری کمتر از 05/0، ارتباط مثبت و معناداری وجود دارد. در ادامه نتایج آزمون دو جمله‌ای نشان داد، جذب گردشگر بر توسعه زیربنایی، رشد اشتغال و افزایش درآمد روستاهای رمین و تیس در شهرستان اثرگذار است. در نهایت طبق نتایج روش تحلیل شبکه‌ای مشخص شد بیشتر سطح محدوده شهرستان در وضعیت کاملاً نامناسب قرارگرفته است اما مناطق محدوده خط ساحلی با تأکید بر روستاهای تیس و رمین، در وضعیت مناسب قرار دارد.

https://mag.iuc.ac.ir/article_736338_94d850d75f66c0897879a3ab1754ba3f.pdf